Which formula is used to calculate the flow rate in a drainage system?

The formula used to calculate the flow rate in a drainage system is based on the relationship between the cross-sectional area through which the fluid flows and the velocity of that fluid. In this context, flow rate represents the volume of fluid that passes through a given cross-sectional area per unit time.

The correct formula, Q = A × V, indicates that flow rate (Q) is the product of area (A) and velocity (V). Area refers to the space through which the fluid moves, and velocity represents how fast the fluid is flowing. By multiplying these two factors, one can arrive at the flow rate, expressing how much fluid (volume) is moving through the system within a specified timeframe.

This relationship is fundamental in designing and analyzing drainage systems, as it helps ensure they can adequately handle the expected volume of wastewater or stormwater flow. Understanding this formula is essential for ensuring systems are appropriately sized and function efficiently, preventing issues like blockages or overloads in the system.